The Labour government has announced its legislative agenda for the new Parliament, with the King’s Speech outlining bills covering cyber security, data sharing, and skills among proposals likely to impact IT professionals.
However, there are no plans for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation at this stage.
The King highlighted his government’s intention to “pursue sustainable growth by encouraging investment in industry, skills and new technologies”.
Prime Minister Keir Starmer said the measures in the King’s Speech focus on “national renewal” and economic growth.
“This is an agenda focused entirely on delivering security, opportunity, prosperity and justice for every person across the country,” said Starmer.
“We will unlock growth and take the brakes off Britain, turning the page for good on the economic irresponsibility and pervasive inability to face the future that we saw under the Conservative government.”
The Cyber Security and Resilience Bill aims to “strengthen our defences and ensure that more essential digital services than ever are protected.” It will expand the remit of existing regulations, give regulators more powers, and impose new reporting requirements on businesses.
The bill aims to address supply chain attacks such as the recent incident at blood testing company Synnovis, which led to London NHS trusts that used its pathology services having to cancel more than 6,000 appointments. It will also introduce mandatory reporting of ransomware attacks to help the government gather better information on the scale and type of threats UK organisations face.
“This will improve our understanding of the threats and alert us to potential attacks by expanding the type and nature of incidents regulated entities must report,” said the government.
The previous government’s proposed Data Protection and Digital Information Bill failed to pass before the general election, but Labour has adopted many of its measures as part of a new Digital Information and Smart Data Bill.
The bill aims to “ensure we harness the power of data for economic growth, to support a modern digital government, and to improve people’s lives”. The legislation will create a statutory basis for data to be used in digital verification services – such as digital identities and age verification services – and to support a National Underground Asset Register first proposed in 2019.
The register will create a digital map of buried pipes and cables. The bill will also support the creation of smart data schemes, whereby customer information can be shared with authorised providers to develop new and innovative services. In effect, this extends the concept of open banking and is likely to be important for other areas of financial services and energy and telecom companies. The legislation will also make it easier for government departments to share data, introduce a digital system for the registration of births and deaths, and determine IT standards for suppliers to the health and care sector.
As planned by the Tory administration, the bill will reform the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) role, with a new structure and more extraordinary powers. “This will be accompanied by targeted reforms to some data laws that will maintain high standards of protection, but where there is currently a lack of clarity impeding the safe development and deployment of some new technologies,” said the government.
A Skills England Bill will establish a new body, Skills England, which aims to “simplify and improve the skills system, ensuring the supply of skills needed for the economy and breaking down barriers to opportunity.”
For many years, the IT sector has struggled due to skills shortages in several areas, not least cyber security and AI. The new organisation will work with employers, unions, and education and training providers to develop a national picture of skills needs. The bill will reform the much-criticised Apprenticeship Levy by broadening it into a Growth and Skills Levy in support of the government’s planned Industrial Strategy.
The Planning and Infrastructure Bill aims to reform the planning system to “accelerate the delivery of major infrastructure projects”. Labour’s election manifesto highlighted the need to build more datacentres.
“We will simplify the consenting process for major infrastructure projects and enable relevant, new and improved National Policy Statements to come forward, establishing a review process that provides the opportunity for them to be updated every five years, giving increased certainty to developers and communities,” said the government.
There was much speculation that the government would introduce new legislation to enable regulation of AI models, following on from the Conservative government’s focus on AI safety. The King’s Speech said the government “will seek to establish the appropriate legislation to place requirements on those working to develop the most powerful artificial intelligence models”.
But there are no plans for AI-specific legislation, and the only mention of AI in the background briefing to the speech is as part of a Product Safety and Metrology Bill, which aims to respond “to new product risks and opportunities to enable the UK to keep pace with technological advances, such as AI”.
The wider bill is intended to improve product regulation and consumer protection, and recognises the impact of new technologies and the way that e-commerce has affected high street retailers. “It will ensure the UK is better placed to address modern day safety issues, harness opportunities that deliver economic growth, and ensure a level playing field between the high street and online marketplaces,” said the government.
The government intends to create a bill to enact the so-called Hillsborough Law that was called for as a result of the Hillsborough scandal.
The new law will impose a legal duty of candour on public servants and public bodies to improve transparency and accountability. The plan will be welcomed by victims of the Post Office scandal, where innocent subpostmasters were prosecuted using data from the flawed Horizon IT system, despite staff at the Post Office being aware of bugs that could have caused the accounting errors for which branch managers were blamed.
Technology trade association TechUK welcomed the new legislation, but warned against proceeding too fast without industry consultation.
TechUK chief executive Julian David said: “There is a huge amount that industry and government will need to work through This will include close collaboration with industry as new laws on artificial intelligence and employment rights are drafted ensuring that we get the right balance between new laws and promoting the economic growth needed for the new Prime Minister to achieve his missions for government.”
